数值和文本输入

旋转按钮

  • 调整器

numtxt-spinbttns

Gtk::SpinButton 控件是一个数字选择控件,既可以用来获取整数,也可以用来获取浮点数。它从 Gtk::Entry 控件派生而来,所以继承了它的所有功能和信号。尽管起初并不需要,但是为了更好地了解旋转按钮,最好也了解一下另一个类:也就是 Gtk::Adjustment。在下面的例子中,我们并不直接操作 Gtk::Adjustment 类。让我们仔细看看这段程序并尝试理解它。之后我们会把它切分开,你就可以看到这两者的关系。

#!/usr/bin/env ruby

require 'gtk2'

window = Gtk::Window.new(Gtk::Window::TOPLEVEL)
window.set_title  "Spin Buttons"
window.border_width = 10
window.signal_connect('delete_event') { Gtk.main_quit }
window.set_size_request(250, -1)

                           # min, max,  step
integer = Gtk::SpinButton.new(0.0, 10.0, 1.0)
float   = Gtk::SpinButton.new(0.0, 1.0,  0.1)

vbox = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 5)
vbox.pack_start(integer, false, true, 0)
vbox.pack_start(float,   false, true, 0)

window.add(vbox)
window.show_all
Gtk.main

看过上面的例子,你就知道我们可以通过上下三角箭头来增减数值。同时,也可以通过键盘输入,如果值超出范围,就会被设置为离它最近的有效值。

numtxt-spinbttns-a

接下来的例子和上面的一样,只是用调整器代替。同时,我把浮点数的精度调整到 0.01。使用调整器的主要区别现在还没有体现出来。首先,你可以指定一个初始值,然后可以用 Page Up/Down 来做更大幅度的调整。

#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'gtk2'

window = Gtk::Window.new(Gtk::Window::TOPLEVEL)
window.set_title  "Spin Buttons"
window.border_width = 10
window.signal_connect('delete_event') { Gtk.main_quit }
window.set_size_request(250, -1)

# create two adjustments
                            # value min, max, step  pg-incr pg-size
integer = Gtk::Adjustment.new(5.0, 0.0, 10.0, 1.0,  2.0,    2.0)
float   = Gtk::Adjustment.new(0.5, 0.0, 1.0,  0.01, 0.5,    0.5)

spin_int   = Gtk::SpinButton.new(integer, 1.0, 1)
spin_float = Gtk::SpinButton.new(float,   0.01, 2)

vbox = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 5)
vbox.pack_start(spin_int,   false, true, 0)
vbox.pack_start(spin_float, false, true, 0)

window.add(vbox)
window.show_all
Gtk.main

调整器

因为它从 Gtk::Object 派生而来,Gtk::Adjustment GTK+ 中少数几个不是控件的类。它常常用在很多控件中,比如视图,从 Gtk::Range 派生出来的控件,放大器或者旋转按钮。

创建一个调整器需要6个参数:

+ initial value
+ lower range
+ upper range
+ step increment
+ page increment
+ page size

也有两个用于此类的信号:

+ changed - 除了值以外的其它属性修改触发
+ value-changed - 值更新时触发

下面是日版教程里面一个更加详细的例子

numtxt-spinbttns-jp-070-55

#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'gtk2'

def get_value(spin, label, type)
    label.set_text(
        case type
        when :Int
            "%d" % spin.value
        when :Float
            "%0.*f" % [spin.digits, spin.value]
        else
            "0"
        end
    )
end

window = Gtk::Window.new
window.signal_connect("destroy") {Gtk.main_quit}
window.title = "Spin Button"

main_vbox = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 5)
main_vbox.border_width = 10
window.add(main_vbox)

frame = Gtk::Frame.new("Not accelerated")
main_vbox.pack_start(frame, true, true, 0)

vbox = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 0)
vbox.border_width = 5
frame.add(vbox)

hbox = Gtk::HBox.new(false, 0)
vbox.pack_start(hbox, true, true, 5)

vbox2 = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 0)
hbox.pack_start(vbox2, true, true, 5)

label = Gtk::Label.new("Day :")
label.set_alignment(0, 0.5)
vbox2.pack_start(label, false, true, 0)

adj = Gtk::Adjustment.new(1.0, 1.0, 31.0, 1.0, 5.0, 0.0)

spinner = Gtk::SpinButton.new(adj, 0, 0)
spinner.wrap = true
#spinner.shadow_type = Gtk::SHADOW_OUT
vbox2.pack_start(spinner, false, true, 0)

vbox2 = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 0)
hbox.pack_start(vbox2, true, true, 5)

label = Gtk::Label.new("Month :")
label.set_alignment(0, 0.5)
vbox2.pack_start(label, false, true, 0)

adj = Gtk::Adjustment.new(1.0, 1.0, 12.0, 1.0, 5.0, 0.0)

spinner = Gtk::SpinButton.new(adj, 0, 0)
spinner.wrap = true
#spinner.shadow_type = Gtk::SHADOW_ETCHED_IN
vbox2.pack_start(spinner, false, true, 0)

vbox2 = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 0)
hbox.pack_start(vbox2, true, true, 5)

label = Gtk::Label.new("Year :")
label.set_alignment(0, 0.5)
vbox2.pack_start(label, false, true, 0)

adj = Gtk::Adjustment.new(1998.0, 0.0, 2100.0, 1.0, 100.0, 0.0)

spinner = Gtk::SpinButton.new(adj, 0, 0)
spinner.wrap = true
#spinner.shadow_type = Gtk::SHADOW_IN
spinner.set_size_request(55, -1)
vbox2.pack_start(spinner, false, true, 0)

frame = Gtk::Frame.new("Accelerated")
main_vbox.pack_start(frame, true, true, 0)

vbox = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 0)
vbox.border_width = 5
frame.add(vbox)

hbox = Gtk::HBox.new(false, 0)
vbox.pack_start(hbox, false, true, 5)

vbox2 = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 0)
hbox.pack_start(vbox2, true, true, 5)

label = Gtk::Label.new("Value :")
label.set_alignment(0, 0.5)
vbox2.pack_start(label, false, true, 0)

adj = Gtk::Adjustment.new(0.0, -10000.0, 10000.0, 0.5, 100.0, 0.0)

spinner1 = Gtk::SpinButton.new(adj, 1.0, 2)
spinner.wrap = true
spinner.set_size_request(100, -1)
vbox2.pack_start(spinner1, false, true, 0)

vbox2 = Gtk::VBox.new(false, 0)
hbox.pack_start(vbox2, true, true, 5)

label = Gtk::Label.new("Digits :")
label.set_alignment(0, 0.5)
vbox2.pack_start(label, false, true, 0)

adj = Gtk::Adjustment.new(2, 1, 5, 1, 1, 0)
spinner2 = Gtk::SpinButton.new(adj, 0.0, 0)
spinner2.wrap = true
spinner2.signal_connect("value_changed") do |w|
    spinner1.digits = w.value
end
vbox2.pack_start(spinner2, false, true, 0)

hbox = Gtk::HBox.new(false, 0)
vbox.pack_start(hbox, false, true, 5)

button = Gtk::CheckButton.new("Snap to 0.5-ticks")
button.signal_connect("clicked") do |w|
    spinner1.snap_to_ticks = w.active?
end
vbox.pack_start(button, true, true, 0)
button.active = true

button = Gtk::CheckButton.new("Numeric only input mode")
button.signal_connect("clicked") do |w|
    spinner1.numeric = w.active?
end
vbox.pack_start(button, true, true, 0)
button.active = true

val_label = Gtk::Label.new 

hbox = Gtk::HBox.new(false, 0)
vbox.pack_start(hbox, false, true, 5)
button = Gtk::Button.new("Value as Int")
button.signal_connect("clicked") do
    get_value(spinner1, val_label, :Int)
end
hbox.pack_start(button, true, true, 5)

button = Gtk::Button.new("Value as Float")
button.signal_connect("clicked") do
    get_value(spinner1, val_label, :Float)
end
hbox.pack_start(button, true, true, 5)

vbox.pack_start(val_label, true, true, 0)
val_label.set_text("0")

hbox = Gtk::HBox.new(false, 0)
main_vbox.pack_start(hbox, false, true, 0)

button = Gtk::Button.new("Close")
button.signal_connect("clicked") {window.destroy}
hbox.pack_start(button, true, true, 5)

window.show_all
Gtk.main